伪卫星空中基站的定位算法研究

伪卫星空中基站的精确定位是构建伪卫星区域定位系统的一个关键问题。分析了伪卫星空中基站的位置误差(相当于卫星的星历误差)对系统定位精度的影响,研究了利用逆用定位原理确定伪卫星空中基站位置的算法和几何精度因子问题,并用Monte-Carlo方法对定位精度进行了仿真,结果表明这种方法是可行的,具有较大的实用价值。     

用于识别双星故障的RAIM算法

由于传统的基于识别门限的卫星故障识别算法存在漏检和误警致使识别率较低,为此提出一种可用于识别双星故障的接收机自主完好性监测算法.该算法通过构造新的奇偶矢量与故障特征平面,利用奇偶矢量与故障特征平面之间的几何关系来识别卫星故障,使得算法不再受限于识别门限的影响,从而有效地避免了由于识别门限引起的识别效率较低的问题.计算机仿真结果表明:改进后的算法与传统的基于识别门限的算法相比,双星故障正确识别的性能有显著的提高,正确识别率可达到90%.同时,与基于门限识别的重构最优奇偶矢量法相比,计算量可减少约61.2%以上.     

Low C/N_0 Carrier Tracking Loop Based on Optimal Estimation Algorithm in GPS Software Receivers

Suppressing jitter noises in a phase locked loop(PLL) is of great importance in order to keep precise and continuous track of global positioning system(GPS) signals characterized by low carrier-to-noise ratio(C/N0).This article proposes and analyzes an improved Kalman-filter-based PLL to process weak carrier signals in GPS software receivers.After reviewing the optimal-bandwidth-based traditional second-order PLL,a Kalman-filter-based estimation algorithm is implemented for the new PLL by decorrelating the model error noises and the measurement noises.Finally,the efficiency of this new Kalman-filter-based PLL is verified by experimental data.Compared to the traditional second-order PLL,this new PLL is in position to make correct estimation of the carrier phase differences and Doppler shifts with less overshoots and noise disturbances and keeps an effective check on the disturbances out of jitter noises in PLL.The results show that during processing normal signals,this improved PLL reduces the standard deviation from 0.010 69 cycle to 0.007 63 cycle,and for weak signal processing,the phase jitter range and the Doppler shifts can be controlled within ±17° and ±5Hz as against ±25° and ±15 Hz by the traditional PLL.     

基于多模态感知与融合的无人车韧性导航系统

针对野外复杂环境下的无人车自主导航需要,建立了一种基于多源融合定位、语义建图与运动规划的智能导航系统.首先,针对IMU、轮式里程计、视觉SLAM与激光雷达SLAM等测量子系统,设计了误差状态扩展卡尔曼滤波器进行融合定位.其次,基于改进的CNN语义分割网络生成环境的语义图像,与3D激光雷达点云融合,并使用最大概率更新算法构建语义3D地图.接着,在语义和几何信息投影获得可通行性代价的基础上,提出了一种语义动态窗口的局部路径规划方法.最后,将以上感知、定位与规划方法整合成完整的智能导航系统,在城市与野外典型场景的测试中,相对定位误差小于0.4％D,具备一定的韧性导航定位和智能感知规划能力.     

星载GPS的毫米级编队卫星相对定位

在比较分析编队卫星相对定位与陆地相对定位技术的基础上,结合陆地相对定位技术和 卫星精密定轨技术提出了基于GPS进行编队卫星相对定位的方法及原理。文章采用2004年4月 1日到10日的GRACE卫星实测数据进行了相对定位计算,并采用KBR观测数据对本文相对定位 结果和JPL单独定轨结果进行了外部检核,检核结果表明：1. 与直接采用单独定轨结果相 比,该方法可以明显提高卫星的相对位置精度。2. 利用本文方法计算的两颗GRACE卫星相 对位置精度约为4.5 mm。
     

基于GPS的低轨伴飞卫星自主导航轨道确定

对基于EKF算法的相对导航滤波器和基于全球卫星定位系统(GPS)伪距测量的伴飞星定轨进行了研究。用几何法与相对动力学方法联合获得目标星轨道信息,给出了伴飞卫星伪距测量定位的模型。仿真结果表明:该定轨方法可用于低轨卫星实时定位导航,定轨精度较高。     

RTCA协议下北斗完好性降效参数算法设计及检验

目前我国北斗导航增强系统的完好性参数设计缺少针对差分信息有效性的降效参数设计,不满足航空无线电委员会（RTCA）提出的接口协议,无法同国际其他GNSS星基增强系统相兼容。根据RTCA接口协议,针对我国卫星导航系统的完好性降效参数处理算法进行了研究,利用北斗实测数据分析了完好性降效参数对用户增强服务的影响,验证了算法的有效性。结果表明,正常情况下,北斗导航系统增强服务三维定位精度可达到113m。当用户丢失部分差分改正信息时,定位精度约144m,精度下降约274%,利用完好性降效参数对过期差分信息进行降效处理,优化定位权阵,可将定位精度提高至117m,达到正常增强服务水平。     

Libration point orbits for lunar global positioning systems

With the development of lunar exploration, a lunar global positioning system (LGPS) is demanded for both on-ground and in-flight lunar exploration missions. The traditional configuration of constellation requires at least eighteen satellites to cover the whole lunar surface continuously. In this paper, the configurations of the libration point orbits (LPOs) constellations are investigated. By using the constellations on the Earth–Moon _L1$L_1$ and _L2$L_2$ LPOs, the basic functions of the LGPS can be realized by using eight to fourteen satellites. First, the LPO and the combinations of LPOs, which can be used in the constellations of the LGPS, are investigated. The criteria and procedures of the configuration design are introduced. Second, the configurations of LPOs constellations are investigated in the Earth–Moon circular-restricted three-body problem (CR3BP). The size of the LPOs and the distribution of the satellites on these LPOs are determined by using an exhaustive algorithm and a global optimization method, respectively. The key performance parameters of these constellations are computed. Third, the constellations with good performance in the CR3BP are redesigned in the more accurate Earth–Moon based Sun-perturbed bicircular four-body problem (B4BP). Moreover, in order to avoid the ground coverage problem caused by the perturbation of the Sun, some modifications are implemented, and the configuration of the no blind area LGPS in the B4BP is obtained.     

InSAR成像匹配制导技术

为了解决飞行器远程全天候高精度自主导航的问题,提出一种InSAR成像匹配制导技术,利用InSAR生成的高程数据与基准高程图进行精确匹配,并通过构象模型反演出飞行器的空间位置。分析对比了多种精确地形匹配方法,采用基于F.Leberl数学模型的空间定位方法并分析了误差影响。仿真结果表明,该方法可以实现飞行器高精度自主导航定位,大大提高飞行器的适应性和抗干扰能力。     

32颗GPS卫星星座空间覆盖特性建模与仿真

GPS卫星要准确完成定位功能可见卫星数应不少于4颗.通过建立针对低轨、中高轨和大椭圆轨道目标卫星的GPS信号空间几何覆盖模型,利用Matlab计算针对低轨、中高轨和大椭圆轨道的可见卫星数,对目前美国32颗GPS卫星星座的空间覆盖特性进行仿真.仿真结果显示,32颗GPS卫星星座不仅可以对低轨目标实现全轨道覆盖,而且对中高轨和大椭圆轨道也有所覆盖,大大扩展了24颗GPS卫星星座的空间应用.